Wormhole is hypothesized or theoretical tunnel between two
points in the universe. It is supposed to act as a shortcut between the two
points. The idea of wormhole was put forth by Albert Einstein and Nathan Rosen
in the year 1935. They used the theory of general relativity to propose these
tunnels. According to these physicists, wormholes act as bridges through
space-time.
Wormholes are considered as consistent connections with
general theory of relativity, yet there existence remains hypothetical. The wormhole can connect two long distances
points (like a billion light years away) or can connect two short distances
(few meters apart).
CREATION OF WORMHOLE:
Like mentioned earlier, the existence of wormhole is still
hypothetical. But if there is even a slightest possibility of its existence,
then we would like to know how it was created. Many science fiction movies like
Interstellar have shown the existence of wormholes, which opens a pathway to
distant galaxies. So why not use this science-fiction and try to turn it into
reality? Scientists have various theories on creation of wormholes.
There are many other scientists who are actually trying to
create a wormhole in laboratories magnetic field. The idea is to transmit
magnetic field from one end to another through a path which magnetically
invisible. Of course this device is still in working, but one day it might
actually work.
This is one of the theories. In July 2013, physicists Juan
Maldacena of the Institute for Advanced Study and Leonard Susskind of Stanford
University proposed a theoretical solution in the form of two entangled black
holes. They suggested that if two black holes are entangled and then pulled apart,
it will form a wormhole. This wormhole will be held together with the help of
gravity.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WORMHOLE AND BLACK HOLE:
The above theory leads us to the question, what is the
difference between a wormhole and a black hole? Based on what we know about
them, wormhole provides a shortcut tunnel to move from one part of the universe
to another. While black hole is giant suction device which absorbs everything
in it. The major difference is that wormholes are hypothesized whereas we have
the proof of black holes existence. (Read more about Black Holes here).
TRAVELLING THROUGH WORMHOLE:
Travelling through a wormhole is considered against the laws
of physics. It may bring sudden collapse, high radiations and contact with
dangerous matter. But since the existence of wormhole is yet to be proved,
let’s theorized what it will actually be like to travel through one.
Travelling through wormhole arises two possibilities-
superluminal (faster-than-light) and subluminal (slower-than-light). Now the
question is, is it possible to travel at a speed faster than the speed of
light? The answer is both Yes and no. Let’s see how. Consider you have to
travel from point A to B in the space. These two points are billion light years
away. There is a wormhole between these points. Of course to travel faster, you
will use the wormhole. While travelling through the wormhole, you won’t exceed
the speed of light which is travelling through the same wormhole. But when the
light travels from outside the wormhole between the same two points, it will
take more time to travel. In this case, you have beaten the speed of light,
since you are travelling through the wormhole and the light took the path
outside the wormhole.
TIME TRAVEL:
The basic idea behind wormhole is to travel long distances
in short period of time. Does this mean that it is possible to time travel?
Maybe. There are many theories surrounding this idea. One theory is that, if we
accelerate one mouth of the wormhole to a high velocity relative to other and
then sometime later bring it back to its original velocity, time travel maybe
possible. It is similar to twin paradox. Twin paradox is an experiment which
involves identical twins; one of whom makes a journey to space in high-speed
rocket and returns home only to find out that his twin on Earth has aged more.
But again, this is just a theory, as light connects differently through wormhole,
than outside it. Let’s break it down. Two synchronized clocks are kept at the
two ends of the wormholes. So for a traveller inside the wormholes, the clocks
will remain synchronized no matter how the mouths move around. Some even argue
that converting wormhole into time machine is not good idea, in context general
relativity. But they are not considering quantum effects. The debate on this matter
can be found in many books.
Is it possible to travel through wormhole? Can wormhole lead
us to distant galaxies? Is time travel possible with the help of wormhole?
These and many such questions can be answered once we actually discover the wormhole
and study its nature. Till then, all this questions and their answers will
remain unsolved!
Nice!!
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