Skip to main content

Pluto-The controversial planet




Pluto has been our favorite planet since 2006. The reason why I wrote this blog is because NASA is ready to explore the planet and study it closely through its mission New Horizons. So before we get to know about this mission, let’s first get to know about Pluto.

HISTORY:

Pluto was discovered on February 18, 1930 in the Kuiper Belt. Kuiper belt is a ring of bodies beyond Neptune. Originally Pluto was considered as the ninth planet in solar system. But studying its size, mass, density etc. the International Astronomical Unit (IAU) defined the term “planet”. The definition goes as-
“planet is a body that orbits the Sun, is massive enough for its own gravity to make it round, and has cleared its neighbourhood" of smaller objects around its orbit.”
 According to this definition, Pluto could not be classified as a planet and hence was reclassified as a “dwarf planet” in 2006.

Although it is a dwarf planet compared to other eight planets, it is the second most massive dwarf planet known.

PLUTO’S COMPOSITION AND ITS SURFACE:

Pluto is primarily made of ice and rock. It is relatively small- about one-sixth the mass of the moon and one-third of its volume. Pluto’s icy surface is made of 98% Nitrogen. Methane and traces of carbon monoxide is also present.

PLUTO’S ORBIT:

Pluto orbits Sun at a distance of 4.4-7.4 billion kilometers. It has rather an unusual orbit. It is usually farther from Sun than other planets. However, due to eccentricity of its orbit, it is closer than Neptune for 20 years out of its 249 years orbit. Pluto crossed Neptune’s orbit on January 21, 1979; made its closest approach to Sun on September 5, 1989 and remained within Neptune’s orbit until February 1999. This will not occur again until September 2226. Pluto’s rotation period is of six days. Light from sun takes 5.5 hours to reach Pluto’s surface!

PLUTO’S CONTROVERSY:             

Till 2006, Pluto was considered as the ninth planet of the solar system. But after IAU defined the term “planet”, it was excluded and reclassified as a dwarf planet. But now the team of scientists working on New Horizons mission has proposed a new definition which will again include Pluto as a planet. The new definition proposed is as follows-
“A planet is a sub-stellar mass body, that has never undergone nuclear fusion and that has sufficient self-gravitation to assume a spheroidal shape adequately described by triaxial ellipsoid regardless of its orbital parameter.”
The team has decided to propose this new definition, after studying the planet closely.
Even if IAU decides to accept this new definition, it will take some time to become official. Till then Pluto will just have to wait.

Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

New Horizons Spacecraft

New Horizons spacecraft is launched with primary mission to flyby Pluto and its moons and study them. But before we get into this blog, read the previous blog about the planet Pluto and get an overall idea about the planet. Now that you have read about Pluto’s history, orbit and composition let’s get into this NASA’s New Frontiers Program- New Horizons.   New Horizon is space probe which was launched on January 19, 2006.It is engineered by Johns HopkinsUniversity   Applied Physics Laboratory  (APL) and the  Southwest ResearchInstitute  (SwRI), with a team led by  S. Alan Stern . The name “New Horizons” was derived from Pluto’s moons, Nix and Hydra. The first letters of their names, N and H are initials of New Horizons. MISSION: The primary mission of New Horizons spacecraft is to study Pluto and study one or more Kuiper belt objects.   Originally the mission was to explore the undiscovered planets and objects in the solar system. This was when Pluto was still classif
Post a Comment
Read more

RETROGRADE AND PROGRADE

Since childhood we have learnt that all the planets go around the Sun. Meaning, the planets and other celestial objects rotate around the Sun in specific directions. But did you know that not all follow the same directions? Some follow the Sun’s rotation while some go in the opposite direction. After observing these motions of certain planets and comets, astronomers termed these rotations as “ Prograde ” and “ Retrograde ”. Before we get into these terms, let’s first understand how the direction of the motion is determined. The direction is determined by the primary object in system that forms the system’s hub. In our case, it is the Sun. So rotation of all the planets and celestial bodies is decided by the Sun’s direction of rotation. Now that we know how the motion is determined, let’s get into the above mentioned terms. Prograde:   It is the motion in the direction of that of the Sun. Meaning, most of the planets and some comets move in the direction of the Sun,
Post a Comment
Read more

Worm Hole

Wormhole is hypothesized or theoretical tunnel between two points in the universe. It is supposed to act as a shortcut between the two points. The idea of wormhole was put forth by Albert Einstein and Nathan Rosen in the year 1935. They used the theory of general relativity to propose these tunnels. According to these physicists, wormholes act as bridges through space-time. Wormholes are considered as consistent connections with general theory of relativity, yet there existence remains hypothetical.   The wormhole can connect two long distances points (like a billion light years away) or can connect two short distances (few meters apart). CREATION OF WORMHOLE: Like mentioned earlier, the existence of wormhole is still hypothetical. But if there is even a slightest possibility of its existence, then we would like to know how it was created. Many science fiction movies like Interstellar have shown the existence of wormholes, which opens a pathway to distant galaxies. So wh
1 comment
Read more